nutritional content of food

welcome everyone uh... my name is bob lawrence i'm thedirector of the center for a livable future and we're very pleased to have you herefor the ninth uh... annual edward and nancy dodge lecture first a word about uh... uh..ed dodge and uh... his late wife nancy and

uh... his wife carol who are with us today ed is a graduate of the school heobtained his mph here and then uh... completed the uh... general preventive medicine residency uh... in ethiopia where he worked in public health beforereturning to the us uh... and first serving as a uh... health officer and then a uh...primary-care physician uh... when the center for a livable futurewas established

in 1996 uh...ed was the first alumnus to step forward and say i likethis idea and he directed the dodge familyfoundation to establish a fund that has endowed uh... the dodge lectureship uh... it's particularly gratifying thatum... uh...ed and carol have been to most of these

and in fact uh... after the dodge lecturer has completed his or her presentation uh... they have gone to visit the sitewhere the work being described is done and earlier today we had a commitment ithink uh... it's fair to say that carol and ed will begoing to india sometime in the next year it is very interesting that ourdistinguished visitor and this year's dodge lecturer drvandana shiva is the ninth dodge lecturer because

her organization navdanya means nine seeds so there's some kind ofharmony here that uh... uh... is really uh... wonderful now in your program you can read uh... anumber of things about dr. shiva i'm just going to mention a few othersthat were not there uh... first of all uh... those of you who know that part ofthe

uh... mission of the center for a livable future with our so-called taylor boland modelcarl taylor being here with us today he and john boland among the early uh... advisers to thecenter for a livable future we developed our conceptual frameworkand central drivers uh... our population and equity uh... so the mission ofnavdanya is to protect nature and people's rights to knowledge, biodiversity, water, and food

and the vision statement for navdanyayand this is the first ngo that i've ever seen use as vision statement an article from universal declaration of human rights so article twenty five of the undhr established in uh... december 10th1948 says everyone has the right to a standard of living

adequate for the health and well-beingof themselves and their family including food clothing housing and medical care and necessary socialservices and the right to security in the event of unemployment sickness disability, widowhood

old age or other lack of livelihood incircumstances beyond their control motherhood and childhood are entitled tospecial care and assistance and i know that after you listen todr. shiva you will appreciate that only a woman as remarkable as shecould take on article twenty five of the universal declaration in her work trained as a physicist at the universityof western uh... ontario

uh... doctor shiva then long been involved uh... in working on ecology on organicfood uh... and basically communitydevelopment in india her uh... mission in addition to thatarticle from the udhr is to focus on improving thewell-being of small and marginalized rural producers through non-violent, biodiverse organicfarming, and fair trade biodiverse organic farming producesmore food and nutrition and brings higher incomesto farmers than monocultures and

chemical farming while avoiding environmentalharm biodiverse organic farming is also an insurance in times of climate change furthermore keeping seeds biodiversityand traditional knowledge in people's hands to generate livelihoods and providebasic needs is navdanya's core program for poverty alleviation so we are so grateful to you doctorshiva for traveling all the way from

delhi to be with us and we look forward to your dodge lecture not your ninth our ninth your first but we hope from this day on we'llbe collaborating on that wonderful mission you've set about so please joinme in welcoming dr. vandana shiva thank you i'd like to thank the center for a livable future as well as dr. dodge

carol for making it possible for me to be here with you today it's um the gap between public health and food systems has been troubling mefor a while uh... because food is quite clearly

the most essential aspect of health um...one of the ancient textsthat i love from india is a whole dedicated to food and it says here basically something all ecologists know in the web of life, everything is food everything is something else's food and it's humbling for humans torecognize they're not the top off the

pyramid they're just the food for microbes uh... it's also says that the highest panama the highest right livelihood, the highest right living is the growing and giving of food in abundance and

it talks about how the highest the highest sin serving bad food somehow along the way we've turned food into a system where serving bad food has become the only way food gets served unless you're a slow food member or youhave a wonderful grandmother or

you're in a culture that hasn't been devastated by agribusiness the processed food economy or i think even even the feeding agencies or tore this our of this times time magazine i think it's the back cover it's a little puddle of dirty water the fork and a knife

and it says when you're starvinganything looks appetizing and i think that's an insult to the hungry i think an agency like the world food program assuming that anything can be served tothe hungry is unjust, immoral, degrading and that's why i treat the human rightsdeclaration as vital that we are all equal, we are all human and for all humans the food we eat endsup being us and you can't cheat the web of life

industry has tried but the result of that cheating has been on the one hand one billion people without food equally tragic two billion people cursed for eating food that shouldn't have been called food i was very involved with thewto issues and

wto is an interesting institutionit's interesting both because it's it's it tried to be becauseright now it's in intensive care thank goodness but it tried to be the world's parliament, it tried to be the world's court and it tried to be the world's executivethey actually announced we are now the new world constitution and the constitution says lived by greedand competition alone but the interesting thing with wtonegotiations used to be they used

to have non papers they used have non working groups now these are all kinds that are notsupposed to be going on record once giving a talk at panel is meeting at wto i saidyou know basically you should be talking about negotiating non food because what you're dealing with interms of

shipping stuff around is not foodanymore you have turned food into the ultimate commodity and the commoditie's not food this has on the one hand meant that foodhas been taken away for millions i mean no matter where you are you could be inthe amazon forest you could be in the arctic there's food i'm a vegetarian i remember myrainforest friends twenty years ago did rainforest conference from thatarctic to the amazon and forgot that most of the people inthe arctic and in the amazon eat a lot

of meat and they made a wonderful vegetarian conference but there is food in the arctic, it might not be plants lots of sea life food is everywhere but we have shrunk our categories of food

to so narrow a base that its production has become more and more energy wasteful more and more capital intensive more and more structured in ways that the billion people that go hungry and the millenniumdevelopment goals constantly try to address reducing them by half but in thelast year alone every agency

whether it was the world bank an assessment of two hundred million or the world food program with anassessment of a 115 million an additional 100 million-200 million were added to the hungry people of the world the assessments also are that from 2009 - 2015 if current trends continue

more than 200,000-400,000 a year will die of not having enough food to eat this is more thanall the deaths in all the wars interestingly while the economy was growing that'sbefore september two thousand eight there was an assumption that the higher the growth rate the more the access to food and in in the early nineties when oureconomy was changed to

what has it's described in many waysthe globalized economy, the liberalized economy the trade driven economy in '91 when all those changes were made to theindian economy and then accelerated ninety five with the establishment of the world trade organization we

had a 170 kilograms per capita per year of entitlement food india has been growing in the last decade and of course india and china aswere always pointed out to is the emerging economic giants etc uh...we've had growth rates of nine percent ten percent and yet in this decade

the per capita entitlement to food has dropped to 150 kilograms per capita per year which is as bad as the entitlement during the great bengal famine the great bengal famine was the period where the british were exporting the rice grown in indiaand even those who had grown the rice couldn't eat it and it was financing the war

uh... but the people the rice growersof bengal and bihar were dying two million people died and it took the women the peasant women came out and stood with their little brooms in front of their rice harvest and a movement emerged at that point

and it is a movement to defend the right to food and basically the women said we willgive our lives, we will not give our rice and we have murals and pictures in thebengal villages with the army and police with guns on one side andthe women with brooms on the other side saying we need this rice totally started to this was '42

'42 onwards the independencemovement accelerated out of it we created a food system which started to feed all indians a food distribution system and iwon't go into all the details about how it was structured but all of that was dismantled aspart of the new policies the policies now were no more food firstthey were export first uh... policies now were no more aboutright to food they were about find your way through the market

and the poor who'd been excluded who'd been robbed of their land who'dbeen denied their livelihoods are the ones who cannot access food throughthe market so we've had this decline at thenational level and that uh... at the state level you know biharhas gone down from 175 kilograms per capita per year to 121 gujarat from 114 to 96 this is just in the last decade

karnataka has actually improved entitlementmadhya pradesh has gone down from 331 to 207 uh...tamil nadu from 131 to 102maharashtra from 145 to 110 so we're seeing a huge decline in entitlement while this entitlement um... has beendeclining of course food prices rose last year you might remember may

the fao had to call a global food summit to address the food crisis and a little before that i can'tremember the exact month but uh... president bush who sounds like history now but uh... was very real at that time he actually said the reason there is afood price rise is because the indians are getting rich and by getting rich they're eating more and eatingbetter and putting a pressure on the

world food prices indians weren't eating more uh...the figures i've given you of decline in foodconsumption show that indians weren't eating more actually the us consumption ofcereals have shot up last year by twelve percent it wasn't that the american citizens were eating more it's just that the american cars were eatingmore food

the diversion to biofuels wasa large part of the problem and the second part of the driveyou know seventy five percent for food that went into making of biodiesel from soya and ethanol from corn but a large part was also speculation offood, food as a commodity housing had collapsed as a place of making profits and all the hedge funds and investmentbanks thought twenty five percent can't make it in real estate we'll make it in food and it drove for those few months it drovethe prices up in some places to double and forty countries had

food riots so the fact that there is a big foodproblem on our hands i think is now recognized what isn't recognized is how we gothere and how we got to get out of it one issue that has that was actually the reason i evengot into agriculture it's not what i you know when iwas eighteen and someone had asked me will you do something in agriculture? i'd say no i ran out of my first biology class

i have a sister who has done medicine and icouldn't stand the sight of her textbooks i've always found neat equations better company but it was in 1984 that i wasreally shaken up to look at what was happening to agriculture 1984 was the year punjabhad exploded into terrorism punjab was the land where the green revolution was first implemented

and the green revolution was supposed tocreate prosperity and therefore peace and was supposed to be an alternative tothe violent red revolution that was taking place in china but in the late 1970s early 1980s punjab had a lot of bloodshed 30,000 people were killed in that period and in june

the golden temple was invaded by thearmy by december...by november that year the women who had ordered the invasion was killed by her own security forces i kept thinking if this was supposed to be about peace why was there no peace what really happened to punjab? also by december that year we had the worst

disaster industrial disaster in human history a leak from a pesticide plant in bhopal which killed 3,000 people thatnight and 30,000 people since then so just two episodes in one year and we're talking about sixty thousand people gone and again worse than war so i had

have to ask myself the question why has agriculture become like war what is this thing called the green revolution and at the end of it wrote my book the violence of the green revolution through a program i was doing at thatpoint with uh... the united nations university i started to put the data together and found first thing

it isn't that overall foodproduction increased rice and wheat production increased but food is more than rice and wheati mean you can't eat a chapati alone and you need your little but of daal and the daals disappeared pulses stop being cultivated oil seedsstopped being cultivated the green revolution was one big monoculture of rice in one season and wheat in one season so overall actually

food production had not increased conversion to monocultures had increased andconversion of two grains that had now become commodities had increased this also changed something elsedramatically in india the assumption was the rest of indiadoesn't have to grow food punjab will become the bread basket and you will ship rice and wheat around the country and this went hand in hand

with declaring some really nutritious foods as inferior food, new language emerged it's cost grains inferior foods and marginal foods if you do a nutritional analysis of thefoods that were displaced like the millets which are called cost grains they are forty times more nutritious

then polished rice refined wheat when when i had my little boy i was in bangalore, in bangalorethe regional crop is ragi also called madua also called thefinger millet because it looks like that and it has varieties, it's the open handed millet or the closed fist millet or the red millet or the black millet beautiful

it has so much calcium and so much iron that no child would ever be deficient in calcium weaned on this minute even the vegans would have a wonderful supply you know i worry a bit about about vegans not getting enough calcium but madua...finger millet will take care of it

all of these crops rubbished and i sometimes think partlybecause there was the focus on some commodities but it is also i thinkbecause there is a racism in foodjust like there is a racism in other things the dark, the black, the brown...not good enough the white...superior and we know what a mess the superiority of white has given us in the area food and nutrition

so when we celebrate millet festivals we put a big banner saying back is beautiful because it makes black chapatis it makesblack bread it makes black cookies black is beautiful so whether it is in terms of of the actual production of food or in terms of the nutritional content of food we were using nutrition in the period wewere talking about producing more food through chemicals

and i think this is one of the biggest illusions that has lead to malnutrition crisis both both malnutrition crises in terms of uh... uh... of the decline in nutrition availability off chemically grown food very fewstudies exist in fact this afternoon we

were talking about you know what's the areas of research that center like this the center for a livablefuture could really contribute to in terms of the link between food in public health and i think the disappearance of nutrition in food and the production of empty mass it's only value is how much does it weigh?

not how much will it give to your body so there's a uk study called thecomposition of foods which shows that between 1940 to 1991 vegetables had lost on average twentyfour percent of their magnesium forty six percent of their calcium twentyseven percent of their iron and no less than seventy six percent of their copper for carrots the loss was seventy fivepercent of magnesium forty eight percent calcium

forty six percent iron, seventy six percent copper and for potatoes seventy percent magnesiumthirty five percent calcium forty five percent iron forty seven copper so you would need is the author of thestudy david thomas said you'd need to eat ten tomatoes '91to get the amount of copper that one tomato would give you there are other studies including studies done by uh...

by the camden institute which shows that in organic food you have iron twelve percent morephosphorus fourteen percent more chromium seventy eight percent more selenium 390 percent more calcium sixty three percent more boron seventy percent

magnesium 138 percentvitamin c twenty seven percent vitamin e and beta carotene fifty percent it's not a mystery that organically farmed food would havehigher nutrition because the soil in which they grow has the nutrition chemical farming is based on what hasbeen called by albert howard

the uh... the npk mentality that soil is an empty container ithas nothing in it you bring nitrogen fertilizer from old explosive factories you know factories that used to make explosives during the war and put that in and you get phosphorus and you getpotassium and that's it the problem is that uh...

for food it isn't it uh... and in fact nitrogen is now becoming a major part of the problem both in terms of destroying soil health itself and these are soils and one way i teach farmers is you take an earthworm which is such an important organism in maintaining soil health and darwinit's a darwin year this year and

he's known much more about the origin of species but he wrote a little little book called something...the earthworm used to be called the mould and he's written in this book of the mostimportant creature on earth will be recognized in history as the earthworm and he's done all this amazing researchon what the earthworm was doing to the soil if you put urea on an earthworm it's like putting salt in a leech

do you know what a leech is? in most forests...get you and the only way to get rid of them iscarry a little bit os salt and you know put it and then they shed but totally dehydrates them this is what's happening with the soils the minute you go organic the earthworm populations comeback we do calculations i mean this isone thing we teach the farmers just just watch the earthworms in your soilsee how many are able to live

i think another very understudied area of work is how so many of the soil organisms actually give you new nutrients it isn't just it is the conservation of mass of physics life does not follow the laws of fixed npk in and fixed npk out no

the beings on the soil through their amazing systems are giving youadditional elements and in addition the more you feed them the more they're able to createnutrients for you which then the plant is able to take up and as it takes it up it becomes ourfood so this the disappearance of nutrition both in terms of agriculture as well as interms of health

i think has given us bad nonsustainable farming practices and health systems that are not able to prevent disease half of the disease burden of the world today is related to food and even the pot that's not even at theend of it what do the doctors tell you

to eat well every blood pressure patient andhypertensive patient every patient with cardiac problems ultimately you know we we also do organic retail and half our members are people having somehealth problem they can't eat the rubbish anymore but we aren't growing food in order toprovide what is needed but there are other ways in which hunger

has been created and nutritional deprivation has beenbuilt into the system of industrial faring and this is the i think the least known part of uh...of the equation if a small peasant has to grow food with purchased seeds that's nonrenewable

with chemical fertilizers and then chemically fertilizenonrenewable crops normally are disease prone and therefore you need pesticides and then you do these monoculturesyou will have a flourishing of weeds and you will and need to have a douse of herbicides all of this adds up to a huge debt problem again and again when i travel in the rural areas of india

i find i find tribal women bringing their silverware their silver ornaments and pawning it to pay back the debt for the chemicals they bought in the last season the other day i was in the easternstate of jharkhand

this old woman was harvesting her rice and then her lunch came and i said oh you're eating your new harvest and she was just eating and she says i can't eat my own rice i have to sell it to the people i borrow it from for the chemicals and that's what led me to invites the farmers of that region to say come toour place, learn organic you don't have to give up your food

that's what's really happening aschemicals spread the growers of food are being denied the right to food just look at the figures i mean until the warriors food deprivation and hunger used to be anurban phenomena because rural communities always stocked food and even if they did they have ascarcity in one year they be able to

you know tap and and there's still cultures inrajasthan which is a desert area which therefore has uh... you know very frequent cropfailures with rainfall failures they have a culture of saving food as acommon security for five years they constantly keep a five year stock and so even if you had a food crop failure you don't have a famineit doesn't translate into a famine on the other hand if you have

grown food on the basis of high-cost external inputs and even if you have very very lush fields you go hungry hunger today is a rural phenomena hunger today is a problem of people who could beproducing food if they were doing it in another way

and and the most extreme situation it's this system of high-cost inputs and cheap buying which is what industrial farming andglobalized trade and food is it has led to a tragedy that it's totally new and you know it should be seen as a public healthtragedy 200,000 farmers in indiaover the last decade

have committed suicide and the suicide started in the cottonareas where nonrenewable seeds were being brought in uh...it was the year monsanto tried tointroduce on a large scale bt cotton but bt cotton hadn't been approved bythe government and uh... when i realized they were just selling it took the issue to court on the basis of our laws and uh... monsanto was stopped fromcommercializing bt cotton but they had already done a lot of

releases and trials so there was bt cotton out there from 2002 onwards they got the permission to do commercial sales today if you do a map of where the suicides the suicides are concentrated in areaswhere the bt cotton monopoly has been established again people

don't understand why would a farmergo for bt cotton you know they have choice the genetic engineering industry knowsif there is choice no one will buy gm seeds if they're a farmer no one will eat gm foods if they're eaters i have yet to meet somebody who votes for genetically modified food even the monsanto cafe

is gm free they don't eat it themselves what happens when the industry goes into an areaespecially in our part of the world where farmers have had their seed eighty percent of the seed supply 'til ten years ago used to befarmers own seed and cotton has evolved in india we'vehad high diversity of cotton varieties we used to have 1,500 cotton varietiesand the government used to

be able to used to release new cottonvarieties, most of our cotton was uh... was cultivated as an intercrop and the intercrop meant a farmer could grow cottonbut rows of food crops and so there was never hunger but bt cotton it's a monoculture and a monoculturemeans food disappears but it also means in the case of bt cotton the price of seed has jumped from sevenrupees a kilo to 17,000 rupees

a kilo seven rupee seed could be saved year andyear out, you buy it once and you have it forever the 1,700 rupee seed has to be bought every year the 1,700 rupee seed is also morevulnerable to pests inspite of the claim bt which is a soil organism withthe genes pulled out and put into the plant but this is a pest resistant plant just like pesticides which are supposedto control pests ended up creating pests by destabilizing

the ecological balance and destroyingthe predator/pest relationship in the case of bt cotton the disruption of the plants physiology and metabolism leads to aid being more vulnerable tonew pests and pests that have never attacked cotton are now attacking cotton last year something called the mealy bug two years ago it was aphids

in the process in the area where the highestsuicides are which is in central india a part of the maharashtra state when the highest planting of bt cotton has happened four thousand farmers pear year are committing suicide that's one farmer every six hours and the use of pesticides four years since theplanting started

has increased thirteen fold thirteen times more pesticide use so at every dimension the farmerscosts are just shooting sky last time i was a visiting the area in a promise to tell me you know thatvillage that's been a suicide but always going this farm in diet

uh... planks they always think that's decided to endthe as they always do it outside the home that the other thing is your local cedar saved in the home andnormally women at the scene seats and as long as best seen as a moment andits units tested its tried its no when these packages com from outside that you've bought in thelocal com and it's using the men who go to thelocal companies leveraging

and allow this salsa an agent comes and stays does america aseat you know it's come straight from god andeverybody india has been mobilized sow the seeds but i'm not mad hundred-mile ngei everyone face it and the format really believes thatbecause you know be simple it doesn't

really believe the cvs a sick if reallybelieves goldman on that after all he leads the bottled up insideeveryday you read them online everyday youbelieve that condom on brought this up maisie up to save the life so if he's bringing you this amazing yousee it you believe in it and the book on the votes of confidence land is one page

and he comes home to see the seed looksthe same doesn't sound genetically-engineered looks the same blunted the wife has no idea and it's you're really on the day thatagents come to collect the lansing you haven't been able to be a now youget that back the day the men expects decide usually the wife comes to know only when these bodies found some

in a fee on the road and nice hot body was found some men ivisited mass transit what did he get into pdf and she just point she was making twobucks for children she pointed to a box about five and the little hot here eight feet by ten feet slot brought back but package down

every package was a bt clinton package but its lowest the different company sadist unko because my party one fails they think that change butthey don't know they're not changing because it's the same bt their houston tx fifty companies the defendant they have no idea does accompanied bymonsanto that has been all in licensing

expense and collects royalties so in addition to the unreliability ofhigh costs in failure the other side also promised thatgetting hate which is the fault aspect true which agriculture and food systemshave been texting next and that aspect is system baptists call it free trade

but has not been free about i call it unfair trade rules of on victory and in the case of content these rules are fun fair trade havemeant that caught unsubsidized but width four billion dollars in theu_s_ it i think it's twenty five pounds andfarms that's it

very tiny number of funds get the full billion-dollar subsidies this is then dumped of internationalmarkets the w_t_o_ is used to false countries to open up markets and when that highly subsidizedcollection is dont the prices of cartoon fall so the farmer has spent seventy thousand hundred-thousandgrowing the content

and is a better on ten house and fifteenthousand at the end fit there's no way that system of productioncan continue and because it's happened so fast untilsaturday the trial moffett is showing up in termsof subsidy it's the same process that happened here it took a hundred years in the hundred years people are alsogetting new opportunities in cities industry

in making automobiles ended and thingsso hot this is happening in india at a time adisclosure off every other cell source of info industries closing down mana factors closing down cities are not able to absolve more people tobecause this whole new speculation in spite of slumdog millionaire don't do you know

not even even that slum is much full uh... being budapest for real estate have nice high risesthat wonderful supermarkets but it's really aspects off the unfairtrade agreement of w_t_o_ that directly cut sustainable agriculture and patrick a fact the ability of people to have access to

food at affordable prices nutritiousfood quality food one agreement that has been my preoccupation is a crazy agreement boat trips and it's gone trips because it was neversupposed to be t are uh... intellectual property of the bloodintellectual properties and you were treated in these last and fifteen years

we still have something like investorproperty at accents and in a totally separate entity thatpassion and creativity and copyright two decided section all of this was lumped into one andcalled intellectual property so that everyone yet everytime you talkmonopoly what was cited was madonna you know looking back so you don't know that in thailand they bring on elephants till stamped on but donna

cds madonna and michael jackson does thattoo i'm sure they'll absolutely outdated notbut that was the big muddy at that time that someone making low-cost copy of amadonna recall it was about it and then madonna's right still cut creativity was treated as people it too

when centers like to have seat monopoly so intellectual property was created my government negotiated and said sorrythis is about national decision making national sovereignty it's not about trade you cannot drag these regimes and totrade india had been through twenty-two years offered national debate democratic debate

to expel a lot that control should look and in nineteen seventy v got to know responded they do you know monopolies and i'm nineteen seventy long he has tobe treated as a perfect up at the country's because he did not allow monopolies inmedicine that allowed innovation in medicine for pro suspect interviewed

innovative it something you know you'vegot a process patent but you could not packed into the madison itself because there was always the option thatsomeone else could find another week to make it and in the case of seeds and life andagriculture absolutely not that out totally excluded so when india said sorry this is nothingto do but w_t_o_

the washington law as the surface of thesmartest but gee i before i p and that's it now its trade related by definition so it must be negotiated in a treatjeeps and it was never negotiated anything aman center has been on record and i'vequoted this in my book by a piracy they said in and getting this agreementbe achieved something unprecedented we defined the problem the problem was that pharmacy seats

we offer disillusioned solution was withintellectual property declare pharmacy saving insead exchangeas an illegal and it's going even further that farmers fields being contaminated three g_m_ crops it's the final status but here it it wastreated as the teeth and is a case in project of canada but their cause in five hundred cases inthis country of farmers who were contaminated beingtreated estates

the results off disagreements has being that at this point you have fivecompanies controlling the seat supplied off them seventy percent seat supplies controlled and monsanto we'll only release g_m_c_is because for g_m_ bacon electrons on g_m_ they can claim patterns so they will not release open pollinateat seats that promise conceive people don't really seeds of nutritiouscrops

i've even heard from an employee of monsanto that to the uh... they bought up by local seed companybecuz tool grew emerald greens mme written the greenery banderas greenswhich are very popular in south india hundreds of r_e_i_t_s c company was blocked the seats tel

small amounts of packet puts center saint louis and the rest of twofive that basically the idea is that shouldbe no c in people's hands except what is bought from monsanto and only thing bottom center at thispoint is genetically and c i met very very happy today becauseyesterday would have been emptied on reached the european commission wanted to import down

the bands that european countries haveon g_m_ elice especially countries like austria andhungary both countries wonder what that francehas a bad greece has a bad and uh... again and again incentives tried to savethese bands right next to be even use the w_t_o_ to uh... file a case against european union wehad a huge campaign give a million

signatures and said huge try and take away our rights to choose the food we eat then we'll just have to continue theseattle process anyone look very good soda adopted your ruling in fact wasvery marion minded eat european commission tried yesterdayin lead on the local local over the last ten days the band's at st and countries that was supporting g_m_elice

acts of the country likes being thathave been briefing if dot we switched and said that we got to stop style because they're not connecting the fact that is not about technology anybody technology doesn't existdisembodied it's about seat it's about fooled when senator constantly tries to pullthis into the discussion in technology and killed by well concedes of societybunyan saying it's it's fraudulent and its underline andalso cites uh... follows up through this

two eighty seven million dollarsadditional income separate sector all of these the discussion will be technology take an athlete he's not doing that isbecause the farmers was stupid and the soil was wrong my response on basis that is nothinglike act abstract technology technology as in the food there for me to discussthe phone with what kind of or does it get

it isn't the seed what kind of see doesit get at the time has gone along boxed but this extraction could be used and i really feel afterthe collapse of wall street last year or abstractions that have no responsibility linked to themand have no realism linked to them should be better for it mess that was created with deborahvictims of this aircraft

science that's so s narrow interest but and further andfurther away from reality provides us from knowing what'shappening to the body of the uh... or our bodies and constantly causes harm but the second agreement of dot meteorthat is causing harm is the agreement on agriculture and as i said it has nothing to do today it doesn't have a line about farmers itdoesn't have a reference to saw it it

doesn't have a reference food just three classes market access export competitiondomestic support it's all about grabbing market sunday or the other and that's really how price speculation on for foodcommodities in chicago in the commodity exchange leads to trigger effects around theworld because asked the food systems get

into greeted they don't even actually have to treat it's a bit like the leipzig price signal is like a light signal prices are going up or going down asked the systems are integrated then it's in viet nam prices the pricewill block will go down right now the price of rice is collapsing last it was shooting through the skies

and rice growing countries are in a hugeproblem agricultural agreement has caused arelocked of districts around the world because it has been an instrument ofdumping it has been an instrument of monopolyand it has been an instrument office pictage the pact uh... agreement is called a cemetery andphytosanitary agreement and is basically the so-called foodsafety agreement but we've had many

issues around this until years agoninety eight it was the soya lobby wanted to dump a lot ofsoil orion india and be done like silent facility somehow mysteriously little contamination happen in delhi not in any other city not village on adaily and i want indigenous onto a band and then the new at all was created thatunless oil is so little packaged every

although extract i have to become a cement only now india a million tiny budget all elements while connie's lookat village level where you bring the all brow not all you bring a must ed and in front of the lies it's extracted you take back though ibelieve the holiday cake

but honey on it doesn't take money takesthe olympic feeds us animals with it and it's a totally sustainable economy you kind of contamination but these one million mugshot farmers growing in the bay indigenous onseats but also closed down the on the flight over the heavier tribune has it's veryinteresting piece german bake us face down eva tastepolice

but most of the time s bs measurestranslate into the size of something what should be the size of the cucumber watchin if you wonder why all appleslooked the same it's these s bs measures that have beenused the way it's implemented is they have a trade withholds image if that will boast rule

it's going to kill you little apples same book which is why is every put dateat the same size and it's always the size of themcdonald's with what needs to be called french fries and then the french didn'twant to support the wall so they became freedom fries but always that size the potatoes

it's because of this crazy cemetery busand phytosanitary measures which gets put on the one hand touniformity off props and prop reading and on the and to the industrializednation for process of course behind it is now coming up a lot of ina precise the tool crops of herbicideresistant and bt echo they come up with these stories of nutrition crops and golden rights is the best

telling us all color blindness but when they were promoting it idedgraph calculations one would have needed took eat three kilos of rice to get thedehli requirement uh... amarin please call me emily'squite easily to you a drumstick easy he was on a daily basis have up to one thousand four hundredmicrograms golden rice husk hectic for they might get it to so you need to eat that's not just check to me

one spoonful afula green salad one-and-a-half tablespoon foodsupplement chutney one carrot one mango three fresh it because and so that if you need country indeed three kilograms of so-calledlooking nice an instant using it because but becausewhat there is a big debate right now takingplace in tufts university because

somehow tufts university is involved in testing out the snarl approved itsnot approved for planting but they're testing it out on by their blue chip that them just going on i think china did stop himback to stop but yeah if you can go to the test dot cern

website in any case in the case ofgenetically-engineered crops actually have lowering the field for the same bug-eyed t into which the g_m_ trade has been introduced because of a phenomena that has beennamed that you tried so it is not true that geneticengineering bill the compound that's not

true that genetic engineering will giveus more food so what we were give us more food more nutrition we are at the watershed the industry that first gave us thegreen revolution which was a chemical revolution and then gave us genetic engineering

is trying to move very fast in june using genetically modified foods as feeding for feeding programs of either of thechildren maybe zeppelin nutrition was in indiabig lost what will be fed two children i cedia schemes will it be

g_m_ victim in a winxp determined a source's from by dennis t the s_ of course the kind of pattern andwe've been trying to a vote for practice over the last twenty one yes and in this paradigm the hot update despite of the cityitself the mall biodiversity you'll have pneumonia to shoot you

this works of the agriculture level nutrition but makeup the highest will buy it ever stops production for biological production butbecause is biased but by dennis franz incomes of paul hartness inka is highest applied spot the farmers are now doing organicfarming in the parking area with us earning ten times more than the farmerswho were doing bt popped

and this is that the other anti poverty but even for detest biodiversity swine because the supermarket diverse city isnot nutritional divest and i did my my doctor but booking canada and ice to go desi bought walking down the isle of camp butsoaps ingredients but just the followinggradients you know the name on the label was different

knuckles everything in your diet is soyaand gone everything is so ankle uganda skip it you can escape the showed up from croathigh fructose corn syrup you cannot escape cell and all its forms even when you know when the balance went down inindia there was an attempts to create aproject called analog dot and guess what i'm about to going to be

we have to be a black man we have beengrand we have then toby have but should be you know the reason all ofthese names up animal names as because the british that missed after that batino you can make wonderful dishes it and humans needed for proteins in the case of uh... off than i don't know about that aregoing to be have it all based on soil and then just extraordinary twodifferent shapes and died in a different

cuts i mean we have to be getting highlydesperate as a species to have to do that when he could get my eyes and couldn'tdrive us bouts with all that different unique tastes the production paradigm of course has tochange and pass to changing times off sensing diverse city scenting ecology centering sustainability but you can allyou do this

for the small skit therefore smaller farms end up being having the cutting edge on ecologicaltransition there's this new study that's out thereit's on there on the page offutt of gatorade it's call them uh... the international assessment ofagriculture of science and technology development four hundred scientists working overfour years of concluded

that neither the green revolution orgenetic engineering is a solution for assistance insecurity small farms doing farming ecologically andorganically is the way to keep the wept but then we have to match this shifting production with a shift indistribution we've got

a crazy system of distribution the fivecompanies control the trade and that will cut down the amazon forest to groom also adds that he had toolittle soya and shift things around the world by the way that these undi in even found out they only fivecompanies controlling the green supply was men there was uh... there was a trade sanction against thesoviet union and uh... in the seventies

and yes american replanted in soviet union and a journalist called and morgan said what is going on what's happening backed in spite of thetrade sanction i'll beat can land in the soviet union so he stocks too formal things through found competent

on continental and wrote a brilliant book out of thatperiod of investigation called merchants of green on the consolidation off the trade anddistribution food which has cost since debbie cuban even more consolidated so if we have to make that transitionfor people having the right to fill inaccess to go to coyote save actually diverse beloved

fresh food seasonal food and local i say shit is an impact and absolute imperative doesn't mean you deny us f are wonderfulpaper and it doesn't mean you don't drinkingcoffee but it does mean staple foods need to be growing with it concealed and at what i call the spice of lifeflute can travel long distance but a spice of life food is just a tinybit

not volumes staple food is volumes of flute so we need to cut down the volumesbullets to stabilize priceless guarantee farmers and access to just andfair trade to guarantee already tes including thoseschool art that off access to food because the more you thompson the forty spend make the food chain short

does structure you have between the price the farmer gets andthe price people have to be what is happening is a polarizing shinof prices but the farmers are getting less and less every year and people arepaying more and more every year and another is the sappal profits off the grain companies and the foodprocessing str so we need to sd close that dom but that can only closedown with more depict relationships

this is also an imperative for climate change week onto ford long-distance fort myers with everything we can eat every day s hunger every days me cannot be linked to five thousandmiles of travel watanabe have to localize to produce food lines and as my new books on auto and sees we've got some forty percent of theclimate problem

by going ecological and going to talk enough food systems this view and the full production impact of industrialagriculture and in the greenhouse emissions that with nitrogen maintained from factoryfarming and carbon dioxide the common excedrin long-distancetransport and the carbon dioxide

from burning forests to grow cheap feet all cheap biofuel added on top you talking about a forty percentreduction in greenhouse gas emissions but the wonderful thing withsustainability in agriculture it's the same steps that allow you toconserve the resources of the at also allowed smaller promised to live onthe land and have a livelihood

it once all allows to be directed to all it allows more nutrition it guaranteespublic health and it's also kind of problem i would at actually old such laws theemployment problem because i think the assumption that we can keep itmoving promise off the land and continue to have food doesn't work anymore

we get like i said to get non-food whenthomas don't produce the food is produced by john machineryand toxic chemicals you get sick some you get somethingother any what's your body escorting kal so we need farmers to grow food and if we needfarmers to grow food society must work out the mechanisms that allow farmers to be on the lands to get enough of acompensation

we need shifts from a food system that is not just based on monopolies it'll happen disease and onsustainability it's also be standbys reprised of every food items aboutdoesn't at the truth or what it costs to peek inside so weneed to move to a truthful economy afloat a truthful economy that's true for theplanet's lost two guys dance

let's go to the laws of hot body and ihope and that is true too market place for just read and i just distribution and i think all these challenges lookedat the debate they need to look after all the millions of people creating these alternative we've done abit in india that four hundred thousand farmers and my name is in the next two years tobe two million organic croats

who will just be seed savers planetprotectors producers of health care and uh... and dignified human beings who who don't have to commit suicide but can look forward to futuregenerations i think you can tell you work for a free we have a modest book called saving lives

protecting health millions of time nothing uh... shriver johns hopkins bloomberg school and of it rather than have you karen which put on i realize cried in here for dr vandanashiva grateful appreciation of your work and willingness to give them structure signed by me on behalf of the senderfuture

annual seeing here cartoon could bestcartoon in the book uh... polly walker and uh... strong thecancer union how many other people labored over it's our famous if we hate the way we need in americaslide share most of you have seen this villainthe audience and then the previous sale at the best but it shows uh... the carrying capacity of the earth if wedid it uh... sustainably raised

biplane prudent them just really so on we have some time for questionsuh... it isn't true that apricot she usesmobile industrial agriculture you smoked and i think people always lead toqualify because whether it's greenhouse gas emissionselite swati taxation that i was doing that they have a recentstudy i found it

chemically grown price of wheat wasusing ten times more fume hood minutes that i was talkingabout uh... in these only two hundred and fifteen minutes ago but not only the through the use onlytwo hundred fifty millimeter support a convicted two thousand five hundred for irrigated chemically grown badly they actually do the silence capacity toconcert like monster because they have high biomass exact act

you know and then i brought them michaelkalimantan conscious of that mind whatever and i suppose what was being measured in terms of theproductively table funds was what left the farm as a commodity and meantime let's take it on thefarmers disappearing so the substance of the song wasdisappearing the family house that unsold growing the fraud it's untitled document to food wasdistributed football commodity for

moving into international trade and that is what is measured it's the same as j and b what's measuredas the money that moves not to the production that actuallytakes place all not the welfare of the people sits on me but goes out that getsmeasured and because of that what happens is you put it as a resultenigmatic back to the silent and you don't want to grow biologicallydifferent systems

minute side you would you be higher orbiological use much more violence from that and the more you grow old and the moreyou put it back them all the water was just and you can comes up ten times moremoisture in the silicon so you don't need a vacation just a little bit of rainfall in notjust on they grow food

interest-free because they'd it's comes up every bitof much of the cops idea did you have to have irrigation theidea that you have to have a two thousand animated availability it's part of the investor packet ecological farming side as fob that wasfunny actually is not just not a consumerreporter it's a producer of khalid because what goes down into the saudis attacked

clean wonderful taking part work soon as they said it would just make sure youbuy from an organic farm but in a panic of the question was what can uh...questioner do uh... to help control the spread of jim bibd fluid but that's not too much because of thespotlight construct the constant on top

uh... but definitely have you know we but allot on producing the meatconsumption why did using meat consumption also lowering the poor cows are beingpunished by being fat cream nicholas just give the grass i can't was just uh... animal pitch forthe center for the for the future in the united states in this goes toyour question as well what can you do uh... sixty five percent of our

dr proteinase from animal sources and globally is thirty percent and whatis it in india would be better five to ten percent five percent and since it takes going back to theearlier question about a thousand tons of water to produce a ton of grain and take seventons of grain to produce a ton of

industrial in feed lots you do the math and decision you make what you eat thisevening uh... is the most important impact youcan have a water greenhouse gas emissions intruder witty and so forth i can't buy my book store in commerce asa chapter on the set scott sacred

how blessed the mad cow at adding foot for research institutionsis the site for ten because uh... the reason g_m_ is spreading is there'sa totally unjustified principal operating was created again in washington nine howmuch steps that covers the weather getscreated in washington and the principle is called substantialequivalence just assume equivalents and don't lookfor the difference

but you know those mad cows that the fedall this mostly in a red dead meat the protein was because of itsubstantially but it was not equivalent structure d it was a deformed protein that becamethe proud and became a self-inflicted agent and even in g_m_ most that's why theyhasn't you know they're not looking because they just as you mean that get sick it's exactly as the parentorganism what we need to do is much more

the difference in terms of the feed interms of we don't at the g_m_ level as well as at theupper level in terms of what's going to happen uh... i think overall biodiversity is the onset including protein from by diversity enough meat iftrue crops for the future if that's what she you should take up as livable futureproject one is great that's back into thefaction

and the other is bring minutes back crown now for who i haven't followed the u_s_-funded usually kind of do these things of afriend of the league brings it to you and sees you know media input definitely in terms of the file missilesites this very very intimate connection connection begins with the fact thatindia usa have set seat sovereignty

remetente seat and bid liberalizing shin which includes the opening up there off the market as well as the seatmonopolies that was all pont of u_s_ foreign policy the use of food as a veteran in thevietnam war was part of u_s_ foreign policy india being forced to import weeks two years ago when we had enough meatfor our people

that's part of u_s_ foreign policy right now laws mean please attend and ihave to work very hot act defending our a_t_t_ key system trimming that much pontiff u_s_ foreign policy dickey's actually an agreement you knowthat was a nuclear agreement signed between indian the u_s_ but at the sametime in agriculture agreement results assigned and on the board of disagreements inparticular

when sent a wal-mart immediate quietly for u_s_ foreign policy getting access to markets twitter confronting fooled and converting honda to markets is part of the problem and that is going to be a hearing youknow that that international trade commission it'swhy i do see is doing an investigation

on india not opening up enough interning ice and you know not being a biggermarket full for u_s_ agriculture products and i think that's a submission at theend of this month uh... but i could forward to you the same thing because i think those arekind of thing puts a we all have to put the common nutritional rights common prices sustainable livelihoods in india in the u_s_ simple everywherein the butt

and walk to work systems that work foreveryone rather than systems that destroy someone it's tomake it work for some tiny group of people i need to put in a little plug are ronnie weekly standard art any of you in the public healthcommunity who want to be involved in the twenty twelve farm bill and its public health implicationsronnie is coordinating

with becca respect decline stand-up actor so these two ladies are uh... regularly uh... conference calls with ap_h_d_ in other public of uh... people throughout the country so that weget a running head start on the public health aspects of thetwenty twelve formed uh... we were little laid off the blocks for the twenty over eight twenty oh seven

farm belt but uh... this is reallyimportant issue board their now uh... believe them different people which testers thisquestion balmer city school system in work front this week burns whatpeople thought monsoon dressy legalman uh... that was also a conference a fewweeks ago helpful county were black

performers together with the kids merged uh... contracted snapped backrelationship distribution relationship so they're artistic side or and uh...through report will be coming here the looks at hopkins persons and uh... account one important somepark let me ask and palmer who stand up forthat so if you if you don't know each otherand need to talk

uh... twenty-two rusty and uh... spyware with becca and congressman elijah cummings office last thursdayafter briefing reauthorization of transmission and me struck into account supportripped apart disinterest in town it wonderful fervent advocacy statement up to thirtythree acre farm that's been developed today moments thank you

yes uh... etc threes colin people your bread then try to create difficulties but toreturn it until uh... of reason to spread it might just giveyou two examples in uh... what's being telkomsa being

put in newspapers and so they're easyfor them to prompt stories because these things in the newspaper thing with anything from miami thought small theorize it from you here and add that the story about how youknow organic was though reston imperialist import and that's when i started the out buthow weird lectures on gandhi's birthday because sabbath how would have come toindia nineteen hundred and five you've

been sent to introduce chemicals as he says in his book the agriculturetestament i realize this was the fact that i realize that when the best actually my springtime and decided to turn the best and thepeasant into my teachers out-of-date game the father of modernorganic farming just to let people you know lead to accommodate tenderly and masterprecise gave it

and on gandhi's but stay because i'mgone he's but they may want to emphasize the fact that what we want to promote isnon-violent farming because what we have in the form of anindustrial agriculture is a violent fahmy it two years after that was ten years after field so the earthsummit of johannesburg and because it was in johannesburg lotsof african presence and they would invite me all over the place and then when sent at the stolen imagethey put a huge bana

same on the national is not an african you know the peasants neal i'm not anafrican on you are not an african but that's not to be kind of solidarity they took out a much against me and thenthe best was it was doing a press surrounded by media people and i couldn't see about hand came through which to lumps of called out

and outside or not danny frommers nobecome dot and this representative leno from indiai said it's the bush into vaudeville making thebut stop it organic and so i said but thank you so much you call itbushido i call it kadang it still makes very very good compost henry let me knowof any movement at this we have to keep doing the space elsewhere in the back or

not part the right wing and of course you know i'd uh... market uh... here the out doctor with me it's true one farming it's so degradedboth in terms of a constant message that and it's part of an obsolete human activitythat should be made to disappear

uh... you know to look at any the reference the town's use the farmers also degrading that country we have constantly put downthe produces about food and country that's what we have to liftthem i constantly refer to them it's been diverted enough scriptures annette dot dot the deal is a food

the providers of food uh... so we have to respect food infarming in order for that message to go to future generations but that's not enough to cut the respectthat and the twisted price on theinternational market doesn't get them enough and they will have to leave dot com soulwe have to start intervening in the week prices were

all governments are starting to look atthat kind of tissue in other fields but is still not looking because agriculture is still treated as a second-rate activity and i think they're grown-up centerslike the center for the tip of the future is to bring food into center stage uh... economic life of social life upcountry life anup political life you know the reason i set up a fine andi do training and i've started the

school of the seed could be to get beatwe've read all for some international courses is because through this we want to bring dignityback to top through this we once people to know it can be so exciting andmanagement software engineer comes to us answers and getting so-called

in silicon valley kenai becoming organicfarm and say yes we have time for two park crest sc picture prospect or airfare no i think i mean this being a movement even beforedot u_k_ was born

that we need religions and i'm in ninety three f half a million promise and streets bank to say this is the wrong way to arrangea food system act the w_t_o_ meetings week shown what trade route should reallylook like if good food sustainable food local foodsystems had to be careful it

so it's not that difficult that won't bean and i'm actually very glad that an adopted kid doesn't have the kind ofmomentum it did and i am forget quite bad bet inouye it didn't take the movementsagainst globalization to bring down globalization it took the distortions ofglobalization itself to bring globalization down and you know them the collapse on wall street thefinancial collapse creating a new responsibility for us

to work on systems that work and that'sright all especially in the u_s_ field you want what's or dynamic and somotivated in bringing will buy my two pa i think you need to be equally mo but itwould want to be a textbook for systems that you want to see because if you could put it in the white house you came to lots more but that's amanaging and redefining the food system in thiscountry us yet but the political space

to redefine it cannot trips professor humphrey uh... that works campaign com ideal people all yet goodbyes makes all of these at for people

sled uh... lines spring or decideeighteen sixty six site for preparation treat equally mitchell's reversing orrights uh... uh... rituals presumably have but given immortality uh... we're not seeing any usa uh... organizations that corporation on that frosted her the back

being heal docking being uh... whom methods andtheir corporation jules uh... uh... sign that some of the things that weretalking about need linked hands on changes society right reprieve had ten years of this debate ithink that i don't know well you know that the and me at this sql that is another

fictitious construct back needs to go that the corporation is a total fiction off having uh... let's manatee and a human personality and having liedsequel to human beings except that by the time rules and policies andlaws are written by corporations focal operations off corporations they end up taking citizenship away

from ordinary human beings i'm back i think is the real crisis thatunfair trade that call to set free trade is because ordinary people last date ordinary civic liberties and pongal blocked i mean i i i don't think we can solvethis particular economic crisis

without having fundamental shifts in theway we see experience democracy and freedom but you can have an economicdictatorship in the call areas are powerful just produced and distributed still pink you can give in a democracy

democracy means for democracy resortedto moxie mean see democracy the practice off that democracy broughtinto every one of these p_s_ and that's why again though ganic movement for meis so important in the real practical ways shifting thecut